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Numeric functions
Numeric functions
Last updated: Feb 12, 2025
Numeric functions (SPSS Modeler)

CLEM contains a number of commonly used numeric functions.

Table 1. CLEM numeric functions
Function Result Description
–NUM Number Used to negate NUM. Returns the corresponding number with the opposite sign.
NUM1 + NUM2 Number Returns the sum of NUM1 and NUM2.
NUM1 –NUM2 Number Returns the value of NUM2 subtracted from NUM1.
NUM1 * NUM2 Number Returns the value of NUM1 multiplied by NUM2.
NUM1 / NUM2 Number Returns the value of NUM1 divided by NUM2.
INT1 div INT2 Number Used to perform integer division. Returns the value of INT1 divided by INT2.
INT1 rem INT2 Number Returns the remainder of INT1 divided by INT2. For example, INT1 – (INT1 div INT2) * INT2.
BASE ** POWER Number Returns BASE raised to the power POWER, where either may be any number (except that BASE must not be zero if POWER is zero of any type other than integer 0). If POWER is an integer, the computation is performed by successively multiplying powers of BASE. Thus, if BASE is an integer, the result will be an integer. If POWER is integer 0, the result is always a 1 of the same type as BASE. Otherwise, if POWER is not an integer, the result is computed as exp(POWER * log(BASE)).
abs(NUM) Number Returns the absolute value of NUM, which is always a number of the same type.
exp(NUM) Real Returns e raised to the power NUM, where e is the base of natural logarithms.
fracof(NUM) Real Returns the fractional part of NUM, defined as NUM–intof(NUM).
intof(NUM) Integer Truncates its argument to an integer. It returns the integer of the same sign as NUM and with the largest magnitude such that abs(INT) <= abs(NUM).
log(NUM) Real Returns the natural (base e) logarithm of NUM, which must not be a zero of any kind.
log10(NUM) Real Returns the base 10 logarithm of NUM, which must not be a zero of any kind. This function is defined as log(NUM) / log(10).
negate(NUM) Number Used to negate NUM. Returns the corresponding number with the opposite sign.
round(NUM) Integer Used to round NUM to an integer by taking intof(NUM+0.5) if NUM is positive or intof(NUM–0.5) if NUM is negative.
sign(NUM) Number Used to determine the sign of NUM. This operation returns –1, 0, or 1 if NUM is an integer. If NUM is a real, it returns –1.0, 0.0, or 1.0, depending on whether NUM is negative, zero, or positive.
sqrt(NUM) Real Returns the square root of NUM. NUM must be positive.
sum_n(LIST) Number Returns the sum of values from a list of numeric fields or null if all of the field values are null.
mean_n(LIST) Number Returns the mean value from a list of numeric fields or null if all of the field values are null.
sdev_n(LIST) Number Returns the standard deviation from a list of numeric fields or null if all of the field values are null.